案例分享 ｜ 偏航阻尼断开
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<span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 14px;overflow-wrap: break-word ;box-sizing: border-box ;">上个月遇到一个偏航阻尼断开的故障，当时并没有在第一时间发现故障根源，导致后续出现其他的故障现象，前后故障串联后做个总结写下此文。</span>
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事件背景
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<span style="font-size: 14px;">7月12日，一架NG飞机过站机组反馈进近阶段偏航阻尼器断开，无其他驾驶舱效应，执行检查单重新衔接正常，后续正常落地。过站执行两部SMYD自检当前正常，1、2号SMYD分别有历史代码：27-31015 IR1 DATA INVALID、22-22009 X-CH cmd disagree，执行ADIRS自检当前、历史均无代码。地面偏航阻尼器衔接正常，后续航班偏航阻尼器工作正常，航后更换1号SMYD，测试正常。</span>
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<span style="font-size: 14px;">7月16日，航后机组反馈爬升阶段VNAV断开，同时机长侧PFD出现SPD LIM和VERT故障旗，1秒钟后消失，重新接通VNAV后正常。后续又出现一次同样的故障现象。询问机组TAT显示正常，RA指示正常，空速指示正常。</span>
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<span style="font-size: 14px;">航后执行ADIRS自检当前正常，ADIRS L有历史代码：34-21007 ADR DATA INVLD、34-21027 NO PITOT ADM DATA；</span>
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<span style="font-size: 14px;"><span style="font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;">D</span><span style="font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;">FCS自检当前正常</span><span style="font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;">，</span><span style="font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;">有历史代码</span><span style="font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;">22-11397 SMYDC DATA INV；</span></span>
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<span style="font-size: 14px;"><span style="font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;">两部SMYD自检当前正常，</span><span style="font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;">1、2号S</span><span style="font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;">MYD分别有历史代码：</span><span style="font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;">27-31015 IR1 DATA INVALID、22-22009 X-CH cmd d</span><span style="font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;">isagree。</span></span>
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<span style="font-size: 14px;">航后更换1号ADIRU，测试正常，后续飞机状态均正常。</span>
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偏航阻尼系统
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<span style="font-size: 14px;">飞机飞行中，偏航阻尼系统指令方向舵与飞机偏航运动相反且成比例的运动，用于保持飞机在纵轴的稳定，减少由于荷兰滚或湍流造成的偏航运动。偏航阻尼系统工作于整个飞行阶段，通常在起飞前衔接。</span>
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<span style="font-size: 14px;">ADIRU给SMYD发送大气数据信息，包括空速、姿态、偏航和横滚率、加速度。SMYD-1使用这些数据用于探测飞机偏航运动，并用于计算为抵消飞机的偏航运动而使方向舵向反方向运动的指令。</span>
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<span style="font-size: 14px;">偏航阻尼系统包括主、备用偏航阻尼器，均由SMYD控制，SMYD接收ADIRU、驾驶盘和偏航阻尼器电门的输入信号，并按需把控制信号发送给主方向舵动力控制组件或备用方向舵动力控制组件。</span>
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<span style="font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;">每</span><span style="font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;">个偏航</span><span style="font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;">阻尼</span><span style="font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;">器都有防</span><span style="font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;">止</span><span style="font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;">荷兰</span><span style="font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;">滚、</span><span style="font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;">提供阵风阻尼和转弯协调的</span><span style="font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;">能力。偏航阻尼</span><span style="font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;">系统</span><span style="font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;">工作不会使方向舵脚蹬移动。飞行员可以用方向舵脚蹬或配平输入信号超控主或备用偏航阻尼器信号。</span><span style="font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;"> </span>
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<span style="font-size: 14px;">正常工作时，主偏航阻尼器使用液压B系统并且SMYD计算机提供持续的系统监控。出现下任何情况时，YAW DAMPER电门自动移动到OFF位，琥珀色YAW DAMPER灯亮并且YAW DAMPER电门不能重置到ON位：</span>
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<br><span style="font-size: 14px;">如果A、B液压系统均失效，两个飞行操纵电门在STBY RUD位。在此情况下，偏航阻尼器能复位至ON位，并且备用液压系统向备用偏航阻尼器供压。备用偏航阻尼器工作期间，驾驶盘的移动向备用方向舵PCU发出移动方向舵的信号。这样当副翼操纵处于人工恢复时，会使方向舵协助飞机转弯。</span><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:宋体;font-size:12.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><p>
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FMC制导
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<span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 14px;overflow-wrap: break-word ;box-sizing: border-box ;">FMC制导功能给DFCS和A/T发送飞行航迹和转弯指令。</span>
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<span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 14px;overflow-wrap: break-word ;box-sizing: border-box ;">对于LNAV，FMC计算飞行路线并与FMC位置进行比较，如果不同，FMC计算滚转指令并发送给DFCS用于进行水平制导。</span>
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<br>
</p>
</section>
<section style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;margin-bottom: 0px;overflow-wrap: break-word ;box-sizing: border-box ;">
<span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 14px;overflow-wrap: break-word ;box-sizing: border-box ;"><br></span>
</section>
<section style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;margin-bottom: 0px;overflow-wrap: break-word ;box-sizing: border-box ;">
<strong><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 14px;overflow-wrap: break-word ;box-sizing: border-box ;">LNAV衔接逻辑</span></strong>
</section>
<section style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;margin-bottom: 0px;overflow-wrap: break-word ;box-sizing: border-box ;">
<strong><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 14px;overflow-wrap: break-word ;box-sizing: border-box ;"><br></span></strong>
</section>
<ul class=" list-paddingleft-2" style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>
<section style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;margin-bottom: 0px;overflow-wrap: break-word ;box-sizing: border-box ;">
<span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 14px;overflow-wrap: break-word ;box-sizing: border-box ;">ADIRU in the Nav mode and the data is valid</span>
</section>
</li>
<li>
<section style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;margin-bottom: 0px;overflow-wrap: break-word ;box-sizing: border-box ;" class="">
<span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 14px;overflow-wrap: break-word ;box-sizing: border-box ;">LNAV capture criteria is satisfied (The present airplane track will intercept the active flight leg at an angle of 90 degrees or less and the crosstrack deviation is less than 3 nautical miles)</span>
</section>
</li>
<li>
<section style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;margin-bottom: 0px;overflow-wrap: break-word ;box-sizing: border-box ;">
<span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 14px;overflow-wrap: break-word ;box-sizing: border-box ;">Active route (no discontinuity to the next waypoint)</span>
</section>
</li>
<li>
<section style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;margin-bottom: 0px;overflow-wrap: break-word ;box-sizing: border-box ;">
<span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 14px;overflow-wrap: break-word ;box-sizing: border-box ;">Localizer mode is not active</span>
</section>
</li>
<li>
<section style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;margin-bottom: 0px;overflow-wrap: break-word ;box-sizing: border-box ;">
<span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 14px;overflow-wrap: break-word ;box-sizing: border-box ;">Go-around mode is not active</span>
</section>
</li>
<li>
<section style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;margin-bottom: 0px;overflow-wrap: break-word ;box-sizing: border-box ;">
<span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 14px;overflow-wrap: break-word ;box-sizing: border-box ;">LNAV arm/operate (MCP)</span>
</section>
</li>
</ul>
<section style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;margin-bottom: 0px;overflow-wrap: break-word ;box-sizing: border-box ;">
<br>
</section>
<section style="text-align: center;padding: 0px 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;" class="">
<img data-galleryid="" src="http://newcdn.96weixin.com/mmbiz.qlogo.cn/sz_mmbiz_png/7ayb1fm1g85N8ow78OlRgXVcdkMZzaAXHZGJkpqAGRbxibEdaVGPMPhLHfd2jibibXcPIL5akPOAcDA0x4AhNSKjw/640?wx_fmt=png" data-type="png" style="width: 100%;height: auto;box-shadow: #d2d2d2 0em 0em 0.5em 0px;font-size: 17px;">
</section>
<section style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;margin-bottom: 0px;overflow-wrap: break-word ;box-sizing: border-box ;">
<span style="font-size: 14px;"></span><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 14px;overflow-wrap: break-word ;box-sizing: border-box ;"><br></span>
</section>
<section style="margin-bottom: 0px;" class="">
<span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 14px;overflow-wrap: break-word ;box-sizing: border-box ;">对于VNAV，FMC计算速度和垂直速度目标值，并发送给DFCS。FMC同时计算N1推力目标值，并将目标速度和目标N1推力目标值发送给A/T。DFCS和A/T根据目标值和指令保持飞机在计算的飞行航迹上。</span><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:宋体;font-size:12.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><p>
<br>
</p></span>
</section>
<section style="margin-bottom: 0px;">
<span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 14px;overflow-wrap: break-word ;box-sizing: border-box ;"><br></span>
</section>
<section style="margin-bottom: 0px;">
<strong><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 14px;overflow-wrap: break-word ;box-sizing: border-box ;">VNAV衔接逻辑</span></strong>
</section>
<section style="margin-bottom: 0px;">
<strong><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 14px;overflow-wrap: break-word ;box-sizing: border-box ;"><br></span></strong>
</section>
<ul class=" list-paddingleft-2" style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>
<section style="margin-bottom: 0px;">
<span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 14px;overflow-wrap: break-word ;box-sizing: border-box ;">Airplane in the air</span>
</section>
</li>
<li>
<section style="margin-bottom: 0px;">
<span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 14px;overflow-wrap: break-word ;box-sizing: border-box ;">ADIRU in the Nav mode and the data is valid</span>
</section>
</li>
<li>
<section style="margin-bottom: 0px;" class="">
<span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 14px;overflow-wrap: break-word ;box-sizing: border-box ;">Performance data (ZFW or GW, fuel reserves, cost index and cruise altitude) is valid</span>
</section>
</li>
<li>
<section style="margin-bottom: 0px;">
<span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 14px;overflow-wrap: break-word ;box-sizing: border-box ;">Glideslope mode is not active</span>
</section>
</li>
<li>
<section style="margin-bottom: 0px;">
<span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 14px;overflow-wrap: break-word ;box-sizing: border-box ;">Go-around mode is not active</span>
</section>
</li>
<li>
<section style="margin-bottom: 0px;">
<span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 14px;overflow-wrap: break-word ;box-sizing: border-box ;">VNAV arm/operate</span>
</section>
</li>
</ul>
<section style="margin-bottom: 0px;">
<br>
</section>
<section style="text-align: center;padding: 0px 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;" class="">
<img data-galleryid="" src="http://newcdn.96weixin.com/mmbiz.qlogo.cn/sz_mmbiz_png/7ayb1fm1g85N8ow78OlRgXVcdkMZzaAXnAWMcevWu0iaeVF3EgsFiceapR5OlFsiazicP2sAMWIN0Tww3a1utsmickQ/640?wx_fmt=png" data-type="png" style="width: 100%;height: auto;box-shadow: #d2d2d2 0em 0em 0.5em 0px;font-size: 17px;">
</section>
<section style="margin-bottom: 0px;">
<span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 14px;overflow-wrap: break-word ;box-sizing: border-box ;"></span>
</section>
<section style="margin-bottom: 0px;">
<span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 14px;overflow-wrap: break-word ;box-sizing: border-box ;"><br></span>
</section>
<section data-support="96编辑器" data-style-id="24938" style="margin-bottom: 0px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;white-space: normal;" class="">
<section style="margin-top: 10px;text-align: center;">
<section style="padding: 5px;display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;border-bottom: 5px solid #8cd1f7;font-size: 16px;font-weight: bold;line-height: 1.5em;letter-spacing: 2px;">
<p>
故障分析
</p>
</section>
</section>
<section style="margin-top: -3px;width: 578px;border-bottom: 1px solid #8cd1f7;border-top-color: #e1d9d6;border-left-color: #e1d9d6;border-right-color: #e1d9d6;height: 1px;">
<br>
</section>
</section>
<section style="margin-bottom: 0px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;white-space: normal;min-height: 1em;">
<br>
</section>
<section style="margin-bottom: 0px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;white-space: normal;min-height: 1em;" class="">
<span style="font-size: 14px;">第一次故障——偏航阻尼断开，由于无其他驾驶舱效应，且ADIRS自检当前、历史均无代码，判断为SMYD-1接收ADIRU的数据丢失所致，且后续偏航阻尼系统工作正常。</span>
</section>
<section style="margin-bottom: 0px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;white-space: normal;min-height: 1em;">
<span style="font-size: 14px;"><br></span>
</section>
<section style="margin-bottom: 0px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;white-space: normal;min-height: 1em;" class="">
<span style="font-size: 14px;">第二次故障——VNAV断开，伴随SPD LIM故障旗和VERT故障旗。SPD LIM故障旗指来自SMYD的速度限制失效；VERT故障旗是来自ADIRS的垂直速度失效。</span>
</section>
<section style="margin-bottom: 0px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;white-space: normal;min-height: 1em;">
<span style="font-size: 14px;"><br></span>
</section>
<section style="margin-bottom: 0px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;white-space: normal;min-height: 1em;" class="">
<span style="font-size: 14px;">综合来看，由于ADIRU-1间歇性故障，导致第一次故障时SMYD-1接收的数据无效，两部SMYD之间的数据交输失败，从而出现偏航阻尼断开。而后ADIRU-1再次出现间歇性故障，导致出现VERT故障旗；且给到SMYD-1的数据无效，SMYD-1无法计算出速度限制，出现SPD LIM故障旗；由于ADIRU-1的数据无效，导致VNAV断开。</span>
</section>
<section style="margin-bottom: 0px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;white-space: normal;min-height: 1em;">
<br>
</section>
<section style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;margin-bottom: 0px;overflow-wrap: break-word ;box-sizing: border-box ;">
<span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 14px;overflow-wrap: break-word ;box-sizing: border-box ;"></span>
</section>
<section data-tools="新媒体排版" data-style-type="undefined" style="max-width: 100%;overflow-wrap: break-word ;box-sizing: border-box ;margin-bottom: 0px;" class="">
<section style="margin: 0em 1em 0px;max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;color: #3e3e3e;font-size: 16px;white-space: normal;text-align: right;overflow-wrap: break-word ;box-sizing: border-box ;">
<strong style="max-width: 100%;overflow-wrap: break-word ;box-sizing: border-box ;">／End.</strong>
</section>
</section>
<section data-support="96编辑器" data-style-id="24435" style="max-width: 100%;overflow-wrap: break-word ;box-sizing: border-box ;margin-bottom: 0px;">
<section data-support="96编辑器" data-style-id="24435" style="max-width: 100%;overflow-wrap: break-word ;box-sizing: border-box ;" class="">
<section style="margin-top: 10px;max-width: 100%;text-align: center;margin-bottom: 0px;overflow-wrap: break-word ;box-sizing: border-box ;">
<section data-width="50%" style="max-width: 100%;display: inline-block;background-color: #fefefe;width: 289px;overflow-wrap: break-word ;box-sizing: border-box ;" class="">
<p style="margin-right: auto;margin-left: auto;max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;overflow-wrap: break-word ;box-sizing: border-box ;">
<img src="http://newcdn.96weixin.com/mmbiz.qlogo.cn/mmbiz_gif/Ljib4So7yuWhJou9CCpqmibD6ldgHL2ONAnycCV5yOcv7NiccibzQb5oMWLVmYhwK6jQaSapdQNKVoTAePYIKqmmicA/640?wx_fmt=gif" data-type="gif" style="display: block;overflow-wrap: break-word ;">
</p>
</section>
</section>
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</section>
</section>
</section>
</section>
<section class="_editor">
<p>
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