推拖飞机过程中牵引杆剪切销断了需要做什么检查？B737系列机务在线

ryn_82 发表于 2023-11-3 20:39:39

推拖飞机过程中牵引杆剪切销断了需要做什么检查？

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   <span style="font-size: 15px;">推拖飞机航线工作中非常常见的工作，但其实也是一项高风险的工作。</span>
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<p style="padding-right: 0.5em; padding-left: 0.5em; text-wrap: wrap; letter-spacing: 2px;">
   <span style="font-size: 15px;"><a target="_blank" href="http://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?__biz=MzAwNzkyMTg1Mg==&mid=2247493774&idx=1&sn=b70f11d11435c68943c67f0e347ff157&chksm=9b74615dac03e84b785895eb39d0b7ca289721a74d0a4c30e221af134e27e982c69e1356a9a0&scene=21#wechat_redirect" textvalue="推拖飞机真的是个危险活" linktype="text" imgurl="" imgdata="null" data-itemshowtype="0" tab="innerlink" data-linktype="2">推拖飞机真的是个危险活</a><br/></span>
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   <span style="font-size: 15px;">全球每年都会发生多起牵引车在推拖飞机的过程中产生的不安全事件，有的剪切销剪断，有的牵引杆被折断，有的造成飞机部件损坏，更严重的造成人员伤亡。</span>
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   <span style="font-size: 15px;">各公司都有详细的推拖飞机的规定，我这里就不班门弄斧了。这里回答一个问题：<span style="font-size: 15px;color: #000000;"><strong>推拖飞机过程中，如果牵引杆剪切销子断了要做哪些检查？</strong></span></span>
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                        <strong>飞机牵引杆剪切销断裂</strong>
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                        <p>
                           飞机地面牵引系统需要有保护装置，防止遭受过大载荷产生对系统结构的破坏。剪切销是牵引杆上的一个重要保护元件，其作用是在拖拉飞机时，一旦由于某些不正常原因而出现超载时，牵引杆上的剪切销就会先行折断，将拖杆失效，从而保护飞机不受损坏。<span style="background-color: transparent;caret-color: red;"> </span>
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   <span style="font-size: 15px;">因为AMM 09章有专门的飞机牵引程序，这种情况下首先应该参考AMM：<br/></span>
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   <span style="font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 2px;text-align: justify;color: #d92142;">▲</span><span style="font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 2px;text-align: justify;">SUBTASK 09-11-00-580-024</span>
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   <span style="font-size: 15px;"><span style="font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 2px;text-wrap: wrap;">(</span>a)检查是否存在这些情况：</span>
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<p style="padding-right: 0.5em; padding-left: 0.5em; text-wrap: wrap; letter-spacing: 2px;">
   <span style="color: #000000;"><strong><span style="font-size: 15px;">Oversteering，过度转弯</span></strong></span>
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<p style="padding-right: 0.5em; padding-left: 0.5em; text-wrap: wrap; letter-spacing: 2px;">
   <span style="color: #000000;"><strong><span style="font-size: 15px;">Tow lug damage，牵引接头损伤</span></strong></span>
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   <span style="color: #000000;"><strong><span style="font-size: 15px;">Sudden brake application，突然施加刹车</span></strong></span>
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   <span style="font-size: 15px;"><br/></span>
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   <span style="font-size: 15px;"><span style="font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 2px;text-wrap: wrap;">(</span>b)小心将牵引杆从飞机脱开：<br/></span>
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<p style="padding-right: 0.5em; padding-left: 0.5em; text-wrap: wrap; letter-spacing: 2px;">
   <span style="letter-spacing: normal;"><strong><span style="font-size: 15px;">NOTE: The tow bar may have a force on it.</span></strong></span>
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   <span style="font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: normal;">Slowly move the tow bar as necessary to remove any force between the tow bar.</span>
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   <span style="font-size: 15px;">将牵引杆从飞机从飞机脱开需要注意的是，<span style="font-size: 15px;color: #000000;"><strong>如果是由于没插转弯旁通销导致剪切销断裂，要注意先插好转弯旁通销子再去脱开牵引杆，以免在此过程造成伤害</strong></span>。</span>
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<p style="padding-right: 0.5em; padding-left: 0.5em; text-wrap: wrap; letter-spacing: 2px;">
   <span style="font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: normal;">(c) If any of the conditions are found, do the following steps:</span>
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   <span style="font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: normal;">如果发现任何（a）中的情况，执行以下步骤：<br/></span>
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<p style="padding-right: 0.5em; padding-left: 0.5em; text-wrap: wrap; letter-spacing: 2px;">
   <span style="font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: normal;">1) Examine the upper and lower ends of the shock strut of the nose gear for fluid leakage.检查减震支柱上端和下端有没有漏油。</span>
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   <span style="font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: normal;">2) Inspect the tow lug and landing gear structure for damage. 检查牵引接头和起落架结构有没有损伤。</span>
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   <span style="font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: normal;"><br/></span>
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   <span style="font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: normal;">3) Examine the outer cylinder of the landing gear. 检起落架外筒。</span>
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   <span style="font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: normal;"><br/></span>
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<p style="padding-right: 0.5em; padding-left: 0.5em; text-wrap: wrap; letter-spacing: 2px;">
   <span style="font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: normal;">4) Examine the nose landing gear trunnions for signs of damage. </span>
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<p style="padding-right: 0.5em; padding-left: 0.5em; text-wrap: wrap; letter-spacing: 2px;">
   <span style="font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: normal;">5) Examine the nose landing gear trunnion attachment areas for signs of damage. 检查前起落架耳轴和耳轴连接区域是否有损伤迹象。</span>
</p>
<p style="text-align: left;padding: 0px 0.5em;">
   <span style="font-size: 15px;text-align: justify;letter-spacing: 2px;color: #d92142;">▲</span><span style="font-size: 15px;text-align: justify;letter-spacing: 2px;">前起上耳轴trunnion</span>
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   <span style="font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: normal;">6) Examine the nose landing gear inner cylinder at tow fitting attach points. 检查前起落架内筒上的牵引接头连接点。</span>
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<p style="padding-right: 0.5em; padding-left: 0.5em; text-wrap: wrap; letter-spacing: 2px;">
   <span style="font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: normal;"><br/></span>
</p>
<p style="padding-right: 0.5em; padding-left: 0.5em; text-wrap: wrap; letter-spacing: 2px;">
   <span style="font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: normal;">7) Examine the doors, hinges and retraction mechanism of the nose landing gear for signs of damage. 检查前起落架的舱门、铰链和收回机构是否有损伤迹象。</span>
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<p style="padding-right: 0.5em; padding-left: 0.5em; text-wrap: wrap; letter-spacing: 2px;">
   <span style="font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: normal;"><br/></span>
</p>
<p style="padding-right: 0.5em; padding-left: 0.5em; text-wrap: wrap; letter-spacing: 2px;">
   <span style="font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: normal;">8) Examine the tow fitting and inner cylinder attachment for signs of damage. 检查牵引接头和内筒连接是否有损伤迹象。</span>
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<p style="padding-right: 0.5em; padding-left: 0.5em; text-wrap: wrap; letter-spacing: 2px;">
   <span style="font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: normal;"><br/></span>
</p>
<p style="text-align: center;padding: 0px 0.5em;">

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   <span style="font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: normal;">9) If damage is found in any of the examinations above, do the phase II inspection (TASK 05-51-29-200-802). 如果在上述任何检查中发现损伤，则需要完成<span style="font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: normal;text-wrap: wrap;">TASK 05-51-29-200-8</span><span style="font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: normal;text-wrap: wrap;">02 </span><span style="font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: normal;text-wrap: wrap;">II</span>阶段检查（TASK 05-51-29-200-802）。</span>
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<p style="padding-right: 0.5em; padding-left: 0.5em; text-wrap: wrap; letter-spacing: 2px;">
   <span style="font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: normal;"><br/></span>
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<p style="padding-right: 0.5em; padding-left: 0.5em; text-wrap: wrap; letter-spacing: 2px;">
   <span style="font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: normal;">(d) If none of the conditions were found, no further inspections are required.</span>
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<p style="padding-right: 0.5em; padding-left: 0.5em; text-wrap: wrap; letter-spacing: 2px;">
   <span style="font-size: 15px;">如果没有发现任何（a）中的情况，则无需进一步检查。</span>
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   <span style="font-size: 15px;"><br/></span>
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<p style="padding-right: 0.5em; padding-left: 0.5em; text-wrap: wrap; letter-spacing: 2px;">
   <span style="font-size: 15px;">另外还需要注意的是：<br/></span>
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<p style="padding-right: 0.5em; padding-left: 0.5em; text-wrap: wrap; letter-spacing: 2px;">
   <span style="font-size: 15px;">如果牵引飞机时使用了刹车，需要完成AMM TASK 05-51-29-200-801 I阶段检查。</span>
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   <br/>
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<p style="padding-right: 0.5em; padding-left: 0.5em; text-wrap: wrap; letter-spacing: 2px;">
   <span style="font-size: 15px;">如果前起转到角度超过78°，<span style="font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 2px;text-wrap: wrap;">需要完成</span><span style="font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 2px;text-wrap: wrap;">AMM</span><span style="font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 2px;text-wrap: wrap;"> </span><span style="font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 2px;text-wrap: wrap;">T</span><span style="font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 2px;text-wrap: wrap;">ASK 05-51-29-200-801 </span><span style="font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 2px;text-wrap: wrap;">I</span><span style="font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 2px;text-wrap: wrap;">阶段检查。</span></span>
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<p style="padding-right: 0.5em; padding-left: 0.5em; text-wrap: wrap; letter-spacing: 2px;">
   <span style="font-size: 15px;"><span style="font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 2px;text-wrap: wrap;"><br/></span></span>
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   <span style="font-size: 15px;"><span style="font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 2px;text-wrap: wrap;">特别要注意的是这里的CAUTION：</span></span>
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                           <strong data-brushtype="text">CAUTION</strong>
                        </section>
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                     <p>
                        WHEN<span style="color: #d92142;"><strong>USING A TOW BAR THAT DOES NOT SEPARATE WHEN THE FUSE PIN SHEARS</strong></span>, DO NOT USE UNCOORDINATED ATTEMPTS TO PANIC STOP THE TOW TUG AND/OR THE AIRPLANE AFTER A FUSE PIN SHEAR. THIS CAN CAUSE DYNAMIC LOADS THAT ARE MORE THAN THE INITIAL FUSE LOAD. DAMAGE TO THE AIRPLANE AND EQUIPMENT CAN OCCUR.
                     </p>
                     <p>
                        <br/>
                     </p>
                     <p>
                        <span style="color: #000000;font-size: 15px;">当</span><span style="font-size: 15px;color: #d92142;"><strong>使用剪切销剪断时不会与飞机分离的牵引杆时</strong></span><span style="color: #000000;font-size: 15px;">，不要在剪切销剪断后</span><span style="font-size: 15px;color: #d92142;"><strong>不协调地试图紧急停止牵引车和/或飞机</strong></span><span style="color: #000000;font-size: 15px;">。这可能导致动态负载大于剪切销上的初始负载。可能会损坏飞机和设备。</span>
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               </section>
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   </section>
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<p style="padding-right: 0.5em; padding-left: 0.5em; text-wrap: wrap; letter-spacing: 2px;">
   <span style="font-size: 15px;"><span style="font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 2px;text-wrap: wrap;">其实这也很好理解。</span></span>
</p>
<p style="padding-right: 0.5em; padding-left: 0.5em; text-wrap: wrap; letter-spacing: 2px;">
   <span style="font-size: 15px;"><span style="font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 2px;text-wrap: wrap;"><br/></span></span>
</p>
<p style="text-align: center;padding: 0px 0.5em;">

</p>
<p style="padding-right: 0.5em; padding-left: 0.5em; text-wrap: wrap; letter-spacing: 2px;">
   <span style="font-size: 15px;"><span style="font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 2px;text-wrap: wrap;">如果使用这种剪切销断裂后不会与飞机分离的<span style="font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 2px;text-wrap: wrap;">牵引杆，剪切销断裂后牵引杆还与飞机相连，如果拖车和飞机中的一个立即刹停，可能会造成飞机结构受损。此时建议协调飞机和拖车一起采取缓慢施加刹车或靠惯性慢慢滑动到停下。</span></span></span>
</p>
<p style="padding-right: 0.5em; padding-left: 0.5em; text-wrap: wrap; letter-spacing: 2px;">
   <span style="font-size: 15px;"><span style="font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 2px;text-wrap: wrap;"><span style="font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 2px;text-wrap: wrap;"><br/></span></span></span>
</p>
<p style="padding-right: 0.5em; padding-left: 0.5em; text-wrap: wrap; letter-spacing: 2px;">
   <span style="font-size: 15px;">当然，具体的操作还是以自己公司的规定为准，前提是保证人机安全。平时要注意加强这方面的学习培训，特别是应急处置方面的，确保所有参与牵引飞机人员都知晓。</span>
</p>
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   <span style="font-size: 15px;"><br/></span>
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                        完
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机务在线's Archiver

推拖飞机过程中牵引杆剪切销断了需要做什么检查？