Q&A：关于刹车磨损指示销检查B737系列机务在线

ryn_82 发表于 2024-2-5 18:40:58

Q&A：关于刹车磨损指示销检查

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   <span style="font-size: 15px;">总结和回答一下关于刹车磨损指示销检查的问题。</span>
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                           <strong>01</strong><strong data-original-title="" title=""></strong>
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                                 <strong data-brushtype="text">为什么要在刹车状态检查？</strong>
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                           <span style="font-size: 15px;">刹上刹车后，刹车磨损指示销会变短，这个大家都知道。</span>
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                           <span style="font-size: 15px;"><br/></span>
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                           <span style="font-size: 15px;">但是，当刹车磨损指示销不刹刹车时也很长时，很多人会觉得，我这刹车指示销不刹刹车时这么长（几乎是新的），刹上刹车也肯定没有问题，为什么非要求刹车后检查呢？</span>
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                           <span style="font-size: 15px;">通常的回答可能都是：必须要按工作单卡来，手册要求这样做就必须这样做。</span>
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                           <span style="font-size: 15px;">其实</span><span style="font-size: 15px;color: #d92142;"><strong>液压B系统增压和刹上刹车</strong></span><span style="font-size: 15px;">还有另外的作用：</span><span style="font-size: 15px;color: #000000;"><strong>检查刹车、液压管路等相关部件没有渗漏和处于安全状态。</strong></span>
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   <span style="font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 2px;text-align: justify;color: #d92142;">▲</span><span style="font-size: 15px;text-align: justify;letter-spacing: normal;">AMM 手册要求增压液压B系统和保持刹车状态</span><span style="font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 2px;text-align: justify;"></span><br/>
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                                 <strong data-brushtype="text">为什么要在刹车冷却后检查？</strong>
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                           <span style="font-size: 15px;">手册提到为了确保准确性，应在刹车冷却后检查磨损指示销：</span>
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                           <span style="font-size: 15px;">其实对于钢刹车和碳刹车，由于热胀冷缩的原因，温度对刹车磨损指示销长度的影响是完全相反的：</span>
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                           <span style="color: #000000;"><strong><span style="font-size: 15px;">钢刹车：磨损指示销热长冷短。</span></strong></span>
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                           <span style="color: #000000;"><strong><span style="color: #000000;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1.5px;text-wrap: wrap;background-color: #fffaf4;">碳刹车：磨损指示销热短冷长。</span></strong></span>
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   <span style="font-size: 15px;">从厂家统计数据看冷热状态下，差距在0.5~1mm左右。咱们的737NG航线工作单当前刹车检查标准是：</span>
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   <span style="font-size: 15px;">在此也特别提醒大家按手册要求要在冷的刹车下检查，所以如果是钢刹车，在航后热刹车的状态下，检查磨损指示销接近或者低于1mm就要关注（建议更换），避免航前发现低于工作单标准。</span>
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                                 <strong data-brushtype="text">磨损指示销1mm还能飞多久？</strong>
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                           <span style="font-size: 15px;">刹车磨损的是刹车盘的动片和静片，磨损指示销其实指示的就是动静片的剩余厚度。</span>
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                           <span style="font-size: 15px;">空客给出的评估标准为：平均磨损率为20个飞行循环1毫米（0.04英寸）。</span>
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   <span style="font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 2px;text-align: justify;color: #d92142;">▲</span><span style="font-size: 15px;text-align: justify;letter-spacing: normal;">件号2-1740-1的碳刹车CMM 32-42-27</span>
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   <span style="font-size: 15px;">碳刹车的磨损率会远低于钢刹车。</span>
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   <span style="font-size: 15px;">我们可以统计刹车从安装到飞机一直到磨损达标换下所经历的起落就是总的使用寿命，再除以磨损指示销的指示长度就可以算出每1mm代表的起落数。<br/></span>
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   <span style="font-size: 15px;">比如，件号2-1740-1的碳刹车，我们统计下来平均3500起落更换，那么平均就是70个航班起落磨损1mm。<br/></span>
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   <span style="font-size: 15px;">最后，针对机组对刹车磨平的担忧，需要补充说明的是：</span>
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   <span style="font-size: 15px;color: #d92142;"><strong>①</strong></span><span style="font-size: 15px;">刹车磨损指示销本来是MPD项目，每50起落重复检查指示销没磨平即可，如果发现磨平需要更换刹车（航空公司通常都是加入航线工作单，检查的更频繁了，标准也比手册要求高）：<br/></span>
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   <strong><span style="font-size: 15px;color: #d92142;">②</span></strong><span style="font-size: 15px;">从刹车功能上来说，刹车即使已经达到完全磨损的极限情况，刹车组件依然还能发挥其功能。这一点从规章中对刹车初始设计的要求中也能看出来：</span>
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                           最严酷着陆停止是在最临界的飞机着陆重量和速度组合状态下的停止。必须确定每一个机轮、刹车和轮胎组件最严酷的停止刹车动能吸收要求。必须通过测功器测试验证，在刹车热库达到完全磨损极限情况下，机轮、刹车和轮胎组件能够吸收不少于该水平的动能。对于极不可能的失效情况或当最大动能加速停止能量更严酷时，不必考虑最严酷的着陆停止。
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                        <p>
                           《运输类飞机机轮和机轮刹车组件》
                        </p>
                        <p>
                           3.3.4.2<span style="background-color: transparent;">对于最严酷着陆停止试验，轮胎、机轮和刹车装置（</span><span style="background-color: transparent;">其中热</span><span style="background-color: transparent;">库</span><span style="background-color: transparent;">已</span><span style="background-color: transparent;">完全磨损到BRWL）必须能吸收试验能量KESS（CCAR 25.735（f）（3））。</span>
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                           <span style="background-color: transparent;"></span>
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<p style="padding-right: 0.5em; padding-left: 0.5em; text-wrap: wrap; letter-spacing: 2px;">
   <span style="font-size: 15px;">注：BRWL=刹车最大磨损极限</span><span style="font-size: var(--articleFontsize); text-align: center;"></span>
</p>
<p style="padding-right: 0.5em; padding-left: 0.5em; text-wrap: wrap; letter-spacing: 2px;">
   <span style="font-size: 15px;"><br/></span>
</p>
<p style="padding-right: 0.5em; padding-left: 0.5em; text-wrap: wrap; letter-spacing: 2px;">
   <span style="color: #000000;"><strong><span style="font-size: 15px;">另外需要特别提醒的是，飞本场训练时，机组是接地后又拉起来（Airplane Touch-and-Go Training），除了每次训练结束滑回机位外，正常不会使用刹车。</span></strong></span><span style="font-size: 15px;"></span>
</p>
<p style="padding-right: 0.5em; padding-left: 0.5em; text-wrap: wrap; letter-spacing: 2px;">
   <span style="font-size: 15px;"><br/></span>
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<p style="padding-right: 0.5em; padding-left: 0.5em; text-wrap: wrap; letter-spacing: 2px;">
   <span style="font-size: 15px;">典型案例：</span>
</p>
<p style="padding-right: 0.5em; padding-left: 0.5em; text-wrap: wrap; letter-spacing: 2px;">
   <span style="font-size: 15px;">某737-800飞机执行飞行训练，维修人员检查发现刹车磨损指示销4.2mm，紧急从基地站调拨刹车备用。最后直到训练结束，刹车磨损指示销长度也没有变化。</span>
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                        <p style="margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;">
                           <span style="color: #363636;background-color: #ffe750;"><strong>推荐阅读：</strong></span>
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                                    <a target="_blank" href="http://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?__biz=MzAwNzkyMTg1Mg==&mid=2247521684&idx=1&sn=020a71e5b10fa7d43753c2c2ccefcf08&chksm=9b741c47ac039551f354a986d23f26d79c662fa84cecd09ad7791e4580f44920436dc5405373&scene=21#wechat_redirect" textvalue="注意你的刹车" linktype="text" imgurl="" imgdata="null" data-itemshowtype="0" tab="innerlink" data-linktype="2">注意你的刹车</a><br/>
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                        完
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waRNingTTK 发表于 2024-2-7 08:54:52

阮工，针对第一个问题，你好像也只是说按照手册就行。我理解，除了使用刹车后可以检查液压管路和作动筒等的渗漏外，最主要的原因是刹车后，动片和静片贴合，此时指示销的长度能够真实反映刹车“工作状态”的“功力”:lol

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Q&A：关于刹车磨损指示销检查